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Part 58 Timeline_the untold_the retold

Part 58 Article: Timeline My Blog Title: The untold the retold Click On This Link 🔗 To Download Full Quality Size Of This Photo Size 4096 × 4096 8.25 MB Click on PDF to download from Part 1 COLUMN R 1279–1368 AD Yuan Dynasty & Mongol   元朝 16 Emperors Duration: 89 Years • Delhi Sultanate India 1206–1527 AD • Chagatai Khanate Transoxania  Central Asia 1225–1687 AD • Tlemcen Kingdom Algeria Africa  1235–1556 AD • Mali Empire West Africa  1235–1610 AD From [ https://www.albert.io ]: Geography, the Camel, and the Foundation of Trade : The Sahara Desert spans approximately 9 million square kilometers — larger than Australia — of sand, rock, and hardship. Crossing it on foot is nearly impossible; crossing it with wheeled vehicles is suicide. The domestication of the dromedary camel (single-humped, adapted to extreme arid heat) transformed the Sahara from an impassable barrier into a navigable corridor. From [Wikipedia]: The one-humped dromedary makes up 94% of th...

Part 1 of 9 COSMO; The Infinity; the entirety; the dimension; the center; the temperature; the elements; the galaxy, the star, and the celestial objects

Part 1 of 9

Article: Cosmic Knowledges

My Blog Title: COSMO; The Infinity; the entirety; the dimension; the center; the temperature; the elements; the galaxy, the star, and the celestial objects





[All 9 Parts combined]

Hypothetically, if all things are created or exist all at once in any moment in time, so all life and matters in quantity and form are merely beginningless. 


Scientifically, the astronomical approach to calculate the age of the universe is about 13.7 billion years, or twice of the numbers. Scientists can know by how far the telescope sees into the most distant galaxy. During a decade of cosmo research, the faraway galaxy GN-z11, about 13.4 billion light years away, is the distance seen by NASA Hubble, while James Webb Space Telescope [JWST] can peer into even further most distant galaxy cluster, named Pandora’s cluster, in the observable universe at about 33 billion light years away. 1 light year is one astronomical distance in length of 9,460,730,472,580.8 km. How does light and distance in space denote the age of time?


Light may uniformly travel at the speed of 300,000 kilometers per second. So the luminous light of GN-z11 galaxy and Pandora’s cluster detected by Hubble and JWST takes about 13.4 billion light years and 33 billion light years respectively to arrive at the telescope’s view. Why can the telescope see that light now when the distance is 13.8 billion light years and 33 billion light years away from us? That means GN-z11 galaxy and Pandora’s cluster have already existed or created 13.4 billion and 33 billion years ago. The first 13.4 billion light years ago, and the first 33 billion light years ago have already reached us previously, until now, and into infinite future; light emission is constant form. 


If the age of the cosmo is twice of 13.7 billion years, or 27.4 billion years, Pandora Cluster has a deviation of 33 billion years minus 27.4 billion years; about 5.6 billion years variation. My assumption does not proclaim or disclaim theory; rather we can presume instead that the Cosmo may be older than what we, or scientists, or astronomers have previously predicted. SPHEREx telescope, under construction phase, is set to launch during the year 2025 for medium class space exploration, and the mission may bring us further clues of the age of the cosmo. Additionally, the universe expansion can also make current calculation a discrepancy. The universe expansion rate is 67 km per second for every one megaparsec, or 3,261,563 light years in distance, which means cosmic objects are constantly receding, moving closer or moving away at the time of telescope view.


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Picture sources: Pixabay and Pexels in PowerDirector and other websites:


1:https://www.visualcapitalist.com/cp/map-of-the-entire-known-universe/

2:https://de.europeanwriterstour.com/images-2023/map-of-known-galaxies

3:https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/missions/spherex/

4:https://esawebb.org/images/weic2220b/

5:https://www.nasa.gov/universe/nasas-webb-uncovers-new-details-in-pandoras-cluster/

6:https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2016/07/3711-Image.html?news=true


Video Sources: Pixabay and Pexels in PowerDirector and other websites


7:https://www.nasa.gov/centers-and-facilities/jpl/a-new-nasa-space-telescope-spherex-is-moving-ahead/

8:https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/videos/47-Video

9:https://de.europeanwriterstour.com/images-2023/map-of-known-galaxies


Consulted references [All 9 parts combined]


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12:https://www.universeguide.com/fact/ellipticalgalaxy

13:https://www.learnthesky.com/blog/types_of_galaxies

14:https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/kuiper-belt/

15:https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/stellar-mass-black-hole/

16:https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/2019/news-2019-54#:~:text=When%20it%20comes%20to%20galaxies,galaxies%20spin%20faster%20than%20expected.

17:https://phys.org/news/2013-01-nasa-sun-wavelengths.html

18:https://www.google.com/m?hl=en-US&ie=UTF-8&source=android-browser&q=star+lifespan&client=ms-android-vivo-rvo2#ip=1

19:https://homework.study.com/explanation/which-is-bigger-uy-scuti-or-vy-canis-majoris.html#:~:text=Although%20VY%20Canis%20Majoris%20is,diameter%20of%202.4%20billion%20kilometers.

20:https://science.nasa.gov/sun/facts/

21:https://www.google.com/amp/s/tech.hindustantimes.com/amp/tech/news/bizarre-solar-flares-can-be-hotter-than-the-sun-71658857269133.html

22:https://www.sciencefocus.com/science/what-colour-is-the-sun

23:https://starwalk.space/en/infographics/7-constellations-everyone-can-find#:~:text=For%20this%20infographic%2C%20we've,these%20constellations%20in%20the%20sky.

24:https://universe.nasa.gov/stars/multiple-star-systems/

25:https://www.constellation-guide.com/christmas-tree-cluster/#:~:text=The%20star%20has%20an%20estimated,years%20(767.9%20parsecs)%20away.&text=S%20Monocerotis%2C%20which%20lies%20at,brightest%20star%20in%20NGC%202264.

26:https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/telescopes-illuminate-christmas-tree-cluster/

27:https://www.astronomy.com/astronomy-for-beginners/color-coding-stars/

28:https://science.nasa.gov/universe/stars/

29:https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hans-Geiger

30:https://radioactivity.eu.com/phenomenon/photons

31:https://science.nasa.gov/ems/02_anatomy/

32:https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Mineralogy_(Perkins_et_al.)/02%3A_Mineral_Chemistry/2.06%3A_Common_Minerals/2.6.01%3A_Common_Elements_Make_Up_the_Common_Minerals#:~:text=Mineralogists%20have%20identified%20more%20than,an%20abundance%20of%20silicate%20minerals.

33:https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Planck/Planck_and_the_cosmic_microwave_background

34:https://byjus.com/physics/stringtheory/

35:https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/cosmic/milkyway_info.html#:~:text=The%20Milky%20Way%20is%20about,Arm%20of%20the%20Milky%20Way

36:https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/age-of-universe-research-james-webb/163845/

37:https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/the-universe-is-expanding-faster-than-it-should-be

38:https://www.livescience.com/how-know-age-of-universe

39:https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/einstein/light/cosmic-speed-limit#:~:text=Nothing%20can%20travel%20faster%20than,of%20energy%20to%20do%20so

40:https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/educators/programs/cosmictimes/educators/guide/age_size.html
41:https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/cosmic/milkyway_info.html#:~:text=The%20Milky%20Way%20is%20about,Arm%20of%20the%20Milky%20Way

42:https://www.amnh.org/learn-teach/curriculum-collections/cosmic-horizons-book/georges-lemaitre-big-bang#:~:text=This%20startling%20idea%20first%20appeared,scientific%20orthodoxy%20in%20the%201930s.

43:https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/space-science/how-many-galaxies-in-universe

44:https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/resource-library-age-earth/#:~:text=Earth%20is%20estimated%20to%20be,oldest%20rocks%20to%20radiometrically%20date.

45:https://starlust.org/the-hottest-things-in-the-universe/#:~:text=The%20hottest%20thing%20in%20the,explodes%20when%20its%20core%20collapses.

46:https://ts2.space/en/the-blazing-giants-understanding-the-hottest-stars-in-the-cosmos/#gsc.tab=0

47:https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasar#:~:text=Quasars%20inhabit%20the%20centers%20of,contains%20200%E2%80%93400%20billion%20stars.

48:https://www.space.com/how-cold-is-space#:~:text=This%20is%20known%20as%20the,2.725%20degrees%20above%20absolute%20zero.

49:https://www.astronomy.com/science/the-most-extreme-celestial-objects-in-the-universe/

50:https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14374/

51:https://www.space.com/string-theory-11-dimensions-universe.html

52:https://www.google.com/amp/s/phys.org/news/2014-12-universe-dimensions.amp

53:https://www.engineeringmadeeasypro.com/2020/03/11-Dimensions-Explained.html?m=1

54:https://ts2.space/en/the-scale-of-the-universe-exploring-cosmic-dimensions/#gsc.tab=0

55:https://www.photosnow.in/2023/11/What-is-Planets-.html?m=1

56:https://byjus.com/physics/celestial-bodies/

57:https://www.astronomy.com/science/cosmic-ingredients-how-the-universe-forges-elements/

58:https://www.britannica.com/science/chemical-element/Element-production-in-stars

59:https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/mirror-on-the-cosmos-nasa-s-next-big-telescope-takes-shape/

60:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/observing-ultraviolet-light

61:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/hubble-deep-fields

62:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/gravitational-lensing

63:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/gamma-ray-bursts

64:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/the-big-bang

65:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/spectroscopy-reading-the-rainbow

66:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/the-electromagnetic-spectrum

67:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/the-meaning-of-light-and-color

68:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/black-holes.html

69:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/gravitational-waves

70:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/dark-energy

71:https://hubblesite.org/science/cosmic-wonders

72:https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.ucanews.com/amp/new-discoveries-put-spotlight-on-the-cosmos-divine-design/100545

73:https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-powered-the-big-bang/

74:https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/science-questions/how-did-universe-originate-and-evolve-produce-galaxies-stars-and-planets-we-see-today/

75:https://www.space.com/32644-cosmic-rays.html

76:https://www.nasa.gov/specials/60counting/universe.html

77:https://pcos.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/science.php

78:https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/programs/cosmic-origins/

79:https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/science-questions/how-do-matter-energy-space-and-time-behave-under-the-extraordinarily-diverse-conditions-of-the-cosmos/

80:https://universe.nasa.gov/universe/building-blocks/

81:https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/what-is-an-exoplanet/what-is-the-universe/

82:https://differencedigest.com/science/space/what-is-the-difference-between-cosmos-and-universe/

83:https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/u/Universe

84:https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/large-magellanic-cloud/#:~:text=Nearly%20200%2C000%20light%2Dyears%20from,collapse%20to%20form%20new%20stars.

85:https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/resources/2174/core-collapse-supernova/

86:https://universe.nasa.gov/news/88/neutron-stars-are-weird/

87:https://moon.nasa.gov/moon-in-motion/sun-moonlight/solar-wind/

88:https://www.nasa.gov/universe/nasas-webb-will-use-quasars-to-unlock-the-secrets-of-the-early-universe/

89:https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/oort-cloud/

90:https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10144/

91:https://universe.nasa.gov/stars/multiple-star-systems/#:~:text=Binary%20Stars,-The%20variety%20seen&text=These%20pairs%20can%20differ%20significantly,their%20small%20companions%20remain%20stable.

92:https://universe.nasa.gov/news/147/discovering-the-universe-through-the-constellation-orion/

93:https://www.nasa.gov/universe/nasas-webb-identifies-the-earliest-strands-of-the-cosmic-web/

94:https://universe.nasa.gov/resources/89/cosmic-web/

95:https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/2007/news-2007-01.html

96:https://www.iflscience.com/why-there-is-no-center-of-the-universe-69143

97:https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2021/07/29/where-exactly-is-the-center-of-the-universe/amp/

98:https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/true-center-universe/

99:https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/overview/faqs/

100:https://www.kentfaith.co.uk/blog/article_how-far-can-telescopes-see_3583

101:https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/cosmic/farthest_info.html

102:https://www.worldatlas.com/space/how-many-stars-are-there.html

103:https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/toolbox/emspectrum_observatories1.html#:~:text=The%20Hubble%20Space%20Telescope%20and,the%20spectrum%20that%20GALEX%20observes.

104:https://www.nasa.gov/missions/spherex/construction-on-nasa-mission-to-map-450-million-galaxies-is-under-way/

105:https://www.space.com/nasa-spherex-map-450-million-galaxies

106:https://www.nasa.gov/universe/mapping-the-universes-earliest-structures-with-cosmos-webb/


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