Part 25 Article: Biotechnology My Blog Title: The world, from the past to the present, retold from the timelines. Click on PDF to download from Part 3 2023: [10.23] The first successful transplant of a functional cryopreserved mammalian kidney was reported. The study demonstrated a "nano-warming" technique for vitrification for up-to-100 days preservation of transplant organs. Sourced from [frontiersin.org] titled: “Supercooling: a promising technique for prolonged preservation in solid organ transplantation, and early perspectives in vascularized composite allografts.” From the perspective of temperature, machine perfusion can be classified into four categories: HMP “hypothermic machine perfusion” (0°C to 12°C), MMP “mid-thermic machine perfusion” (13°C to 24°C), SNMP “subnormothermic machine perfusion” (25°C to 34°C), and NMP “normothermic machine perfusion” (35°C to 38°C). As metabolic activity increases exponentially with increasing temperature, the required amount of oxy...
Part 1 of 9 COSMO; The Infinity; the entirety; the dimension; the center; the temperature; the elements; the galaxy, the star, and the celestial objects
Part 1 of 9
Article: Cosmic Knowledges
My Blog Title: COSMO; The Infinity; the entirety; the dimension; the center; the temperature; the elements; the galaxy, the star, and the celestial objects
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| [All 9 Parts combined] |
Hypothetically, if all things are created or exist all at once in any moment in time, so all life and matters in quantity and form are merely beginningless.
Scientifically, the astronomical approach to calculate the age of the universe is about 13.7 billion years, or twice of the numbers. Scientists can know by how far the telescope sees into the most distant galaxy. During a decade of cosmo research, the faraway galaxy GN-z11, about 13.4 billion light years away, is the distance seen by NASA Hubble, while James Webb Space Telescope [JWST] can peer into even further most distant galaxy cluster, named Pandora’s cluster, in the observable universe at about 33 billion light years away. 1 light year is one astronomical distance in length of 9,460,730,472,580.8 km. How does light and distance in space denote the age of time?
Light may uniformly travel at the speed of 300,000 kilometers per second. So the luminous light of GN-z11 galaxy and Pandora’s cluster detected by Hubble and JWST takes about 13.4 billion light years and 33 billion light years respectively to arrive at the telescope’s view. Why can the telescope see that light now when the distance is 13.8 billion light years and 33 billion light years away from us? That means GN-z11 galaxy and Pandora’s cluster have already existed or created 13.4 billion and 33 billion years ago. The first 13.4 billion light years ago, and the first 33 billion light years ago have already reached us previously, until now, and into infinite future; light emission is constant form.
If the age of the cosmo is twice of 13.7 billion years, or 27.4 billion years, Pandora Cluster has a deviation of 33 billion years minus 27.4 billion years; about 5.6 billion years variation. My assumption does not proclaim or disclaim theory; rather we can presume instead that the Cosmo may be older than what we, or scientists, or astronomers have previously predicted. SPHEREx telescope, under construction phase, is set to launch during the year 2025 for medium class space exploration, and the mission may bring us further clues of the age of the cosmo. Additionally, the universe expansion can also make current calculation a discrepancy. The universe expansion rate is 67 km per second for every one megaparsec, or 3,261,563 light years in distance, which means cosmic objects are constantly receding, moving closer or moving away at the time of telescope view.
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Picture sources: Pixabay and Pexels in PowerDirector and other websites:
1:https://www.visualcapitalist.com/cp/map-of-the-entire-known-universe/
2:https://de.europeanwriterstour.com/images-2023/map-of-known-galaxies
3:https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/missions/spherex/
4:https://esawebb.org/images/weic2220b/
5:https://www.nasa.gov/universe/nasas-webb-uncovers-new-details-in-pandoras-cluster/
6:https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2016/07/3711-Image.html?news=true
Video Sources: Pixabay and Pexels in PowerDirector and other websites
7:https://www.nasa.gov/centers-and-facilities/jpl/a-new-nasa-space-telescope-spherex-is-moving-ahead/
8:https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/videos/47-Video
9:https://de.europeanwriterstour.com/images-2023/map-of-known-galaxies
Consulted references [All 9 parts combined]
10:https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/meteor/
12:https://www.universeguide.com/fact/ellipticalgalaxy
13:https://www.learnthesky.com/blog/types_of_galaxies
14:https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/kuiper-belt/
15:https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/stellar-mass-black-hole/
17:https://phys.org/news/2013-01-nasa-sun-wavelengths.html
20:https://science.nasa.gov/sun/facts/
22:https://www.sciencefocus.com/science/what-colour-is-the-sun
24:https://universe.nasa.gov/stars/multiple-star-systems/
26:https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/telescopes-illuminate-christmas-tree-cluster/
27:https://www.astronomy.com/astronomy-for-beginners/color-coding-stars/
28:https://science.nasa.gov/universe/stars/
29:https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hans-Geiger
30:https://radioactivity.eu.com/phenomenon/photons
31:https://science.nasa.gov/ems/02_anatomy/
34:https://byjus.com/physics/stringtheory/
36:https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/age-of-universe-research-james-webb/163845/
38:https://www.livescience.com/how-know-age-of-universe
40:https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/educators/programs/cosmictimes/educators/guide/age_size.html
41:https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/cosmic/milkyway_info.html#:~:text=The%20Milky%20Way%20is%20about,Arm%20of%20the%20Milky%20Way
43:https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/space-science/how-many-galaxies-in-universe
46:https://ts2.space/en/the-blazing-giants-understanding-the-hottest-stars-in-the-cosmos/#gsc.tab=0
49:https://www.astronomy.com/science/the-most-extreme-celestial-objects-in-the-universe/
50:https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14374/
51:https://www.space.com/string-theory-11-dimensions-universe.html
52:https://www.google.com/amp/s/phys.org/news/2014-12-universe-dimensions.amp
53:https://www.engineeringmadeeasypro.com/2020/03/11-Dimensions-Explained.html?m=1
54:https://ts2.space/en/the-scale-of-the-universe-exploring-cosmic-dimensions/#gsc.tab=0
55:https://www.photosnow.in/2023/11/What-is-Planets-.html?m=1
56:https://byjus.com/physics/celestial-bodies/
57:https://www.astronomy.com/science/cosmic-ingredients-how-the-universe-forges-elements/
58:https://www.britannica.com/science/chemical-element/Element-production-in-stars
60:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/observing-ultraviolet-light
61:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/hubble-deep-fields
62:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/gravitational-lensing
63:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/gamma-ray-bursts
64:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/the-big-bang
65:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/spectroscopy-reading-the-rainbow
66:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/the-electromagnetic-spectrum
67:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/the-meaning-of-light-and-color
68:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/black-holes.html
69:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/gravitational-waves
70:https://hubblesite.org/contents/articles/dark-energy
71:https://hubblesite.org/science/cosmic-wonders
73:https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-powered-the-big-bang/
75:https://www.space.com/32644-cosmic-rays.html
76:https://www.nasa.gov/specials/60counting/universe.html
77:https://pcos.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/science.php
78:https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/programs/cosmic-origins/
80:https://universe.nasa.gov/universe/building-blocks/
81:https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/what-is-an-exoplanet/what-is-the-universe/
82:https://differencedigest.com/science/space/what-is-the-difference-between-cosmos-and-universe/
83:https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/u/Universe
85:https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/resources/2174/core-collapse-supernova/
86:https://universe.nasa.gov/news/88/neutron-stars-are-weird/
87:https://moon.nasa.gov/moon-in-motion/sun-moonlight/solar-wind/
89:https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/oort-cloud/
90:https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10144/
92:https://universe.nasa.gov/news/147/discovering-the-universe-through-the-constellation-orion/
93:https://www.nasa.gov/universe/nasas-webb-identifies-the-earliest-strands-of-the-cosmic-web/
94:https://universe.nasa.gov/resources/89/cosmic-web/
95:https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/2007/news-2007-01.html
96:https://www.iflscience.com/why-there-is-no-center-of-the-universe-69143
98:https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/true-center-universe/
99:https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/overview/faqs/
100:https://www.kentfaith.co.uk/blog/article_how-far-can-telescopes-see_3583
101:https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/cosmic/farthest_info.html
102:https://www.worldatlas.com/space/how-many-stars-are-there.html
105:https://www.space.com/nasa-spherex-map-450-million-galaxies
106:https://www.nasa.gov/universe/mapping-the-universes-earliest-structures-with-cosmos-webb/
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