Part 63 Article: Timeline My Blog Title: The untold the retold Click On This Link 🔗 To Download Full Quality Size Of This Photo Size 4096 × 4096 8.13 MB Click on PDF to download from Part 1 COLUMN R 1279–1368 AD Yuan Dynasty & Mongol 元朝 16 Emperors Duration: 89 Years • Songhai Empire West Africa 1340–1591 AD From [AI overview]: The defining feature of the trans-Saharan trade was the highly lucrative exchange of West African gold for Saharan salt . West African empires exchanged vast quantities of abundant gold for essential rock salt from the Saharan desert. This network connected sub-Saharan Africa to the Mediterranean using massive camel caravans and facilitated profound cultural and religious diffusion. West Africa (such as the regions controlled by the Mali and Songhai empires) possessed massive gold deposits but lacked salt, which was critical for preserving food and health. The Sahara Desert was rich in salt but lacked gold, creating a perfect interdepen...
Part 28 Article: Biotechnology My Blog Title: The world, from the past to the present, retold from the timelines. Click on PDF to download from Part 3 2023: [10.23] The first successful transplant of a functional cryopreserved mammalian kidney was reported. The study demonstrated a "nano-warming" technique for vitrification for up-to-100 days preservation of transplant organs. Sourced from [frontiersin.org] titled: “Supercooling: a promising technique for prolonged preservation in solid organ transplantation, and early perspectives in vascularized composite allografts.” Nature-inspired molecules like Trehalose, a complex sugar used by plants to avoid freezing, had also been experimented with. Different protocols were tested for various organs, involving diverse processes. A sugar called trehalose, which occurs in organisms capable of surviving extreme dehydration, is used for freeze-drying methods of cryopreservation. Trehalose stabilizes cell membranes, and it is particularl...