Part 49 Article: Timeline My Blog Title: The untold the retold Click on PDF to download from Part 1 COLUMN Q 960 AD to 1279 AD Song Dynasty China 18 Emperors Duration: 319 Years From [AI overview]: During the medieval period (approx. 500–1500 CE), Christianity was not a single unified entity but was classified into distinct, often competing, branches, with the Western Latin Church dominating Europe while the Eastern Orthodox Church controlled Eastern Europe and the Byzantine Empire. The central division occurred in 1054 CE with the Great Schism, which formally separated Western (Roman Catholic) and Eastern (Greek Orthodox) traditions. Major Institutional Branches: Roman Catholic Church (Western or Latin Church): Centered in Rome under the Pope, this was the dominant religious institution in Western Europe. It was highly hierarchical, consisting of the Pope, cardinals, bishops, and local priests. Eastern Orthodox Church (Byzantine Church): Based in Constantinople, this branch was h...
Part 16 Article: Biotechnology My Blog Title: The world, from the past to the present, retold from the timelines. Click on PDF to download from Part 3 2023: Notable innovations: a large language model (ProGen) that could generate functional protein sequences with a predictable function, with the input including tags specifying protein properties. In linguistics, a corpus is a collection of linguistic data used for research, scholarship, and teaching. Indeed, even if different corpora existed to train protein language models, the correct interpretation of the produced sequences remains a challenge. Protein evolution differed from language evolution, containing irregularities due to randomness and environmental pressure, and with a grammar that unavoidably will contain many irregularities. Finally, we had to remark on the size of the language of proteins that needs to cover millions of species on Earth, which necessitated studying the general properties of proteins rather than study...