Part 42 Article: Timeline My Blog Title: The untold the retold Click on PDF to download from Part 1 COLUMN Q 960 AD to 1279 AD Song Dynasty China 18 Emperors Duration: 319 Years • Toltec empire Mesoamerica 496 AD to 1122 AD • Wari empire Peru 500 AD to 1100 AD • Gurjara Pratihara Dynasty India 600 AD to 1136 AD • Arab–Byzantine Wars Middle East North Africa Southern Europe [death toll 130,000÷3 ] 629 AD to 1050 AD • First Bulgarian empire: Balkans Southeastern Europe 680 AD to 1018 AD • Srivijaya empire: Malay Archipelago Sumatra, Indonesia 683 AD to 1293 AD • Khazar Khaganate empire: North Caucasus 700 AD to 1000 AD • Kanem empire: northeast of Lake Chad in modern-day Chad Africa 700 AD to 1387 AD • Reconquista Iberian Peninsula (Christian Muslim War) [death toll 7,000,000÷5 ] 711 AD to 1492 AD • Pala empire: Bengal East India located between the Himalayas and the Bay of Bengal 750 AD to 1174 AD • Rashtrakuta empi...
Part 54 Article: Biotechnology My Blog Title: The world, from the past to the present, retold from the timelines. Click on PDF to download from Part 3 2023: [8.10] Mice-tested engineered bacteria to detect cancer DNA. Specifically they engineered non-pathogenic A. baylyi to detect donor DNA released from CRC cells, organoids, and tumours. Integration of tumour DNA into the bacterial genome conferred resistance to the antibiotic kanamycin; antibiotic kanamycin works by killing bacteria or preventing their growth. However, this medicine will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections. Kanamycin is used to treat tuberculosis of the lungs and other organs upon resistance to other antituberculosis drugs. As such, kanamycin selection could be used as an easily measurable output for detecting colorectal tumours. Capitalising on the inherent ability of A. baylyi to take up foreign DNA through horizontal gene transfer (HGT), a phenomenon known as natural competence, this represented the...