Part 63 Article: Timeline My Blog Title: The untold the retold Click On This Link 🔗 To Download Full Quality Size Of This Photo Size 4096 × 4096 8.13 MB Click on PDF to download from Part 1 COLUMN R 1279–1368 AD Yuan Dynasty & Mongol 元朝 16 Emperors Duration: 89 Years • Songhai Empire West Africa 1340–1591 AD From [AI overview]: The defining feature of the trans-Saharan trade was the highly lucrative exchange of West African gold for Saharan salt . West African empires exchanged vast quantities of abundant gold for essential rock salt from the Saharan desert. This network connected sub-Saharan Africa to the Mediterranean using massive camel caravans and facilitated profound cultural and religious diffusion. West Africa (such as the regions controlled by the Mali and Songhai empires) possessed massive gold deposits but lacked salt, which was critical for preserving food and health. The Sahara Desert was rich in salt but lacked gold, creating a perfect interdepen...
Part 54 Article: Biotechnology My Blog Title: The world, from the past to the present, retold from the timelines. Click on PDF to download from Part 3 2023: [8.10] Mice-tested engineered bacteria to detect cancer DNA. Specifically they engineered non-pathogenic A. baylyi to detect donor DNA released from CRC cells, organoids, and tumours. Integration of tumour DNA into the bacterial genome conferred resistance to the antibiotic kanamycin; antibiotic kanamycin works by killing bacteria or preventing their growth. However, this medicine will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections. Kanamycin is used to treat tuberculosis of the lungs and other organs upon resistance to other antituberculosis drugs. As such, kanamycin selection could be used as an easily measurable output for detecting colorectal tumours. Capitalising on the inherent ability of A. baylyi to take up foreign DNA through horizontal gene transfer (HGT), a phenomenon known as natural competence, this represented the...